If you’re on Visual Studio 2010 you can still have full TypeScript support:
- Download a TypeScript msi from download site
- Extract content using 7-zip.
- Find cab1.cab file, and extract TypeScriptLS.vsix_File from it.
- Change the extension to .vsix, and install.
- Enjoy.
Btw, you won’t see TypeScript in Web templates, look under Visual C# folder (or just search).
Credits to this article on SO